000			03296aab a2200289 4500
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022			_a0030-9842
100			_aImran Saeed Ali _9881763
100			_aRizwana Shahid _9881596
100			_aTahir Naveed _9881764
100			_aGhulam Abbas _9881765
100			_aMuhammad Salman Akhtar _9881766
100			_aNaima Shahzadi Qazi _9881767
245			_aGender and Outcome Based Comparison of Comorbidities among Decompensated Heart Failure Patients Visiting Cardiology Department of Benazir Bhutto Hospital, Rawalpindi
300			_a107-112 p.
520			_aObjective : Todetermine the gender and outcome based differences of comorbidities among the decompensated heart failure patients. Study type, settings & duration : A comparative analytical study was conductedat Cardiology department of Benazir Bhutto Hospital, Rawalpindi both through Out Patient Department (OPD) and Hospital Emergency from February 2018 to March 2020.Methodology : The study was carried outamong 252 decompensated heart failure patients. The subjects were enrolled in this research through consecutive sampling. The data was gathered pertinent to socio-demographic characteristics, comorbidities and health outcomes by means of self-administered structured questionnaire. The data analysis was done by using SPSS version 25.0. Gender and outcome based comparison of comorbidities was carried out by application of chi-square test and Fisher’s Exact test. Association between comorbidities and health outcome was verified by Fisher’s Exact test. Chi-square test was applied to confirm association between comorbidityand family history. Statistical association of smoking with comorbidity was determined by Fisher’s Exact test. The p≤ 0.05 was taken as significant. Results : Of the total 252 heart failure patients, 147 were males and 105 were females. Mean age of our study subjects was 56.34±15.9 years. Majority (48.4%) of our heart failure patients were 51-70 years old. Gender based variations in all comorbid states were found to be statistically insignificant. About 207 patients had diverse comorbidities and among them,74 (35.7%) had 3 or more comorbid states. Ischemic heart disease was reported among 103(49.7%) patients. Diabetes among heart failure patients was determined to have statistically significant association (p<0.05) with mortality. However, family history of heart failure established insignificant association (p>0.50) with occurrence of comorbid states. Conclusion : Heart failure especially coupled with diabetes is prone to adverse health outcomes so such patients should be rigorously monitored. Life style factors should also be given due consideration to avoid grave health consequences.
650			_aHeart Failure _9492841
650			_aComorbidities _9881768
650			_aGender _9678987
650			_aOutcome _9878423
650			_aCardiology _9203796
650			_aIschemic Heart Disease _9760993
650			_aDiabetes _9270265
773	0		_dIslamabad, Pakistan : Pakistan Health Research Council Formrly Pakistan Medical Research Council _tPJMR: Pakistan Journal of Medical Research _x00309842
856			_uhttps : //pjmr.org.pk/index.php/pjmr/article/view/100/116
942			_2ddc _n0 _cART _o14993 _pMr. Muhammad Rafique Al Haj Rajab Ali (Late)
999			_c815127 _d815127